- Reduce virtual labels
Reduction of false labeling refers to the dishonest behavior of reducing product specifications for merchants, but falsely marking product parameters according to the specifications agreed with customers in order to seek price difference. This is a typical trap in the solar street lamp market.
The parts with virtual targets are generally parts that are not easy to identify specific parameters on the customer site, such as solar panels and batteries, and the actual parameters of these two parts need to be tested by instruments. Many customers have such experience, take the same parameters to ask different businesses, the price may be very different. In general, the same product, the cost of raw materials is about the same, even if there are some price differences between the regions, labor costs are not the same, the process is not the same, there is a 0.5% difference is normal. But if it’s too much below market value, there’s a good chance you’ll get a write-off. For example, if you ask for 100W solar panels, the merchant only checks the price according to 80W, in fact, only gives you 70W power, so that he can also earn the difference of 10W. The unit price of the battery is higher, the virtual rate of return is higher, and it is the worst disaster area of the virtual target.
There are also customers to buy the same 6 meters 30W solar street lights, the effect is completely different, the business tells you that it is 30W lights, the number of lamp beads is also more than 30W beads, but the actual light power is how much, you do not know, can only see no other 30W lights, working hours and rainy days are not the same.
Now even LED lights also have a lot of dishonest business dummy, with a small rated power lamp beads as high-power lamp beads, dummy power, customers only know the number of lamp beads, but do not know the rated power of each lamp bead is how much. For example, Guangdong is very popular dozens of hundreds of watts of small golden beans or floodlights, in fact, with a rated power of only 0.1-0.5W / 2835 or 5730 lamp beads made, even if 100W, the actual rated power is only 10W.
- Steal concepts
The most typical replacement concept is the battery. In fact, when we buy a battery, we ultimately want to get the electric energy that the battery can store, the unit is watt-hour (WH), that is, the battery is discharged with a certain power lamp (W), and the total number of hours (H) can be released. However, customers are often concerned about the capacity of the battery ampere-hour (Ah), and even many dishonest businesses guide customers to focus only on AH, without mentioning the voltage of the battery. Let’s look at the following set of relationships.
∵ power (W) = voltage (V) * current (A);
Into the amount of electricity (WH), obtain:
Power (WH) = Voltage (V) * Current (A) * Time (H)
∴ Electricity quantity (WH) = voltage (V) * Capacity (AH)
When using colloidal batteries, this is not a problem, because the rated voltage of the colloidal battery is 12V, you only need to pay attention to the capacity. But after the lithium battery comes out, the voltage of the battery becomes complicated. System voltage 12V supporting battery has 11.1V ternary lithium battery, 12.8V lithium iron phosphate battery; There are low pressure systems, 3.2V lithium iron, 3.7V ternary; There are even 9.6V systems made by individual manufacturers. The voltage changes, the capacity changes, if you only stare at the AH number, it will suffer.
Now take the most common 11.1V 30AH ternary lithium battery and 3.2V 80AH low-voltage iron lithium battery as an example. Many customers just look at the number of AH, think that 80AH must be more than 2 times more than 30AH, it is certainly cost-effective. How do you actually compare? At this time, our electricity WH will come in handy. Let’s do a simple calculation:
11.1V x 30AH = 333 WH
3.2V x 80AH = 256 WH
It is not difficult to see that the capacity of 11.1V 20AH is actually larger. Therefore, the way to compare the battery capacity is to multiply the capacity and voltage into electricity (WH) and then compare.
- Cutting corners
If the concept of stealing is still only free in the gray area of the law, playing the ball, reducing the virtual standard and cutting corners has undoubtedly touched the red line of laws and regulations. Such businesses are not just dishonest, they have actually committed a crime. Of course, people will not steal naked, will certainly be through some cover up, so that you are not so easy to detect. Here are some common examples of cutting corners for each component:
Solar panels: Often use low-efficiency batteries to do enough size, but the power is not up to it, and the service life will also have an impact. What’s more, invalid batteries are used, and in some places, printed paper is encapsulated in the component to make the full size. So for these solar panel size is the power estimate is not valid.
LED street lights: using low-power lamp beads as high-power lamp beads, such as 2835 or 5730 lamp beads common in the market, each 0.1-0.5W lamp bead, posing as 1W/ high-power lamp beads; The domestic chip LED with low brightness and low price impersonates the imported big brand LED; The use of light materials and thin walls of lamps, in the wind area, is directly scratched off.
Battery: Before the use of colloidal batteries, experienced customers will weigh, but there is exposure of illegal manufacturers in the battery electrolyte to add sand, broken glass and other things to increase the weight. Now lithium batteries also have manufacturers will make the shell larger, in order to impersonate high-capacity batteries.
Street lamp pole: the promised wall thickness, caliber, flange thickness, etc., are not up to standard; Light poles with substandard parameters were doped in a batch of goods; The use of inferior forged steel plates as light poles; The light pole made of galvanized sheet metal and galvanized pipe is impersonated as the whole hot-dip galvanized light pole… …
